Because rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease, it can cause inflammation in widespread areas, even the tear glands and salivary glands. The result is dry eyes and mouth, symptoms which are typically associated with another related condition known as Sjogren's syndrome. Because of the decreased production of tears and saliva, patients with Sjogren's typically experience irritation, a gritty feeling or painful burning in the eyes. Dry mouth or difficulty eating dry foods and swelling of the glands around the face and neck are also common. Some patients experience dryness of other mucous membranes (such as the nasal passages, throat and vagina) and skin.
As the disease progresses, many other parts of the body also come under siege. Sometimes dark, purplish areas develop from bleeding under the skin because blood vessels are damaged by the widespread inflammation. That may also cause fluid to collect in and around the lungs. This can lead to severe complications if the tissues in the lungs become stiff. Breathing may become difficult as a result. Problems can also arise if the inflammation affects the heart muscle, the heart valves or the blood vessels of the heart.
Early Diagnosis is Key to Disease Management
Successful management of rheumatoid arthritis requires early diagnosis and aggressive treatment. By identifying the disease early and starting treatment as soon as possible, doctors can stop or reduce inflammation in the joints. This can prevent or reduce some of the painful symptoms. Treatment can also put a halt to or at least slow down the progressive joint destruction and deformity. Successfully managing the disease as early as possible will also help to prevent or lessen some of the disability and other complications that make rheumatoid arthritis so debilitating.
